Stephen William Hawking: A scientist with wheel chair

Stephen William Hawking was born in 8 January 1942 (age 73) Oxford, England. His research Fields is on General relativity, Quantum gravity.  Hawking began his schooling at the Byron House School. The eight-year-old Hawking attended St Albans High School for Girls for a few months. Then he attended Radlett School for a year 1952. Hawking's father wanted his son to attend the well-regarded Westminster School, but the 13-year-old Hawking was ill on the day of the scholarship examination  at school he was known as "Einstein“. He had completed his undergraduate Education at University College, Oxford 1959. His physics tutor, Robert Berman, later said, “It was only necessary for him to know that something could be done, and he could do it without looking to see how other people did it.” He received first-class BA (Hons.) degree and He began his graduate work at Trinity Hall, Cambridge 1962. After that Hawking received a research fellowship at Gonville and Caius College. He obtained his PhD degree in cosmology 1966. Also he studied in University of Cambridge, California Institute of Technology, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. Hawking had done his PhD from University of Cambridge and BA from University of Oxford. Stephen Hawking is known for Properties of Expanding Universes (1965).

Stephen William Hawking’s Family

Father                      : Frank Hawking

Mother                    : Isobel Hawking

Younger sisters       : Philippa and Mary

Adopted brother      : Edward

Wife                         : Jane Wilde (married on 14 July 1965)

Children                  :  Robert (b. 1967), Lucy (b. 1970), Timothy (b. 1979)

Hawking suffers from a rare early-onset slow-progressing form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease or Lou Gehrig's disease that has gradually paralyzed him over the decades. His speech became slightly slurred. He slowly lost the ability to move muscles. That’s why he used a wheel chair. A tablet computer mounted on the arm of his wheelchair is powered by his wheelchair batteries, although the tablets internal battery will keep the computer running if necessary. His main interface to the computer is through a program called EZ Keys. Through EZ Keys he can also control the mouse in Windows. This allows him to operate his whole computer. He can also give lectures using computer.

Stephen William Hawking’s Religion

Hawking has stated that he is "not religious in the normal sense" and he believes that "the universe is governed by the laws of science. The laws may have been decreed by God, but God does not intervene to break the laws". Hawking regarded the concept of Heaven as a myth, believing that there is "no heaven or afterlife" and that such a notion was a "fairy story for people afraid of the dark". In 2011, Hawking declared: "We are each free to believe what we want and it is my view that the simplest explanation is there is no God. No one created the universe and no one directs our fate. This leads me to a profound realization. There is probably no heaven, and no afterlife either. We have this one life to appreciate the grand design of the universe, and for that, I am extremely grateful.” In September 2014 he joined Starmus Festival as keynote speaker and declared himself an atheist.

Stephen William Hawking in politics

In March 1968, Hawking marched alongside Tariq Ali and Vanessa Redgrave to protest against the Vietnam War. He is a longstanding Labour Party supporter. He recorded a tribute for the 2000 Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore, called the 2003 invasion of Iraq a "war crime",  boycotted a conference in Israel because of concerns about Israel's policies towards Palestinians, campaigned for nuclear disarmament, and has supported stem cell research, universal health care, and action to prevent climate change. In August 2014, Hawking was one of 200 signatories to a letter opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.

Stephen William Hawking Work

Hawking extended the singularity theorem concepts first explored in his doctoral thesis. He postulated what became known as the second law of black hole dynamics that the event horizon of a black hole can never get. Hawking moved into the study of quantum gravity and quantum mechanics. Hawking began a new line of quantum theory research into the origin of the universe. In 1981 at a Vatican conference, he presented work suggesting that there might be no boundary—or beginning or ending—to the universe. He subsequently developed the research in collaboration with Jim Hartle, and in 1983 they published a model, known as the Hartle–Hawking state. He co-edited a book on Euclidean quantum gravity with Gary Gibbons and published a collected edition of his own articles on black holes and the Big Bang. Hawking relates to the interpretation of cosmological observations and to the design of gravitational wave detectors.

Stephen William Hawking’s popular publications:

A Brief History of Time (1988)

Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays (1993)

The Nature of Space and Time (1996)

The Universe in a Nutshell (2001)

On The Shoulders of Giants (2002)

A Briefer History of Time (2005)

God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs That Changed History (2005)

„  The Grand Design (2010)

„  My Brief History (2013)

Children's fiction

u  George's Secret Key to the Universe(2007)

u  George's Cosmic Treasure Hunt (2009)

u  George and the Big Bang (2011)

Films and series

´  A Brief History of Time (1992)

´  Stephen Hawking's Universe (1997)

´  Hawking – BBC television film (2004)

´  Horizon: The Hawking Paradox (2005)

´  Masters of Science Fiction (2007)

´  Stephen Hawking and the Theory of Everything (2007)

´  Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe(2008)

´  Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking(2010)

´  Brave New World with Stephen Hawking(2011)

´  Stephen Hawking's Grand Design (2012)

´  The Big Bang Theory (2012)

´  Stephen Hawking: A Brief History of Mine(2013)

´  The Theory of Everything – Feature film (2014)

Stephen William Hawking’s Quotations:

u  Life would be tragic if it weren't funny.

u  Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.

u  It is not clear that intelligence has any long-term survival value.

u  I have no idea. People who boast about their IQ are losers.

u  I have hardly ever known a mathematician who was able to reason.

u  It matters if you just don't give up.

Stephen William Hawking gets Notable awards:

u  Adams Prize (1966)

u  FRS (1974)

u  Eddington Medal (1975)

u  Maxwell Medal and Prize (1976)

u  Heineman Prize (1976)

u  Hughes Medal (1976)

u  Albert Einstein Award (1978)

u  CBE (1982)

u  RAS Gold Medal (1985)

u  Dirac Medal (1987)

u  Wolf Prize (1988)

u  CH (1989)

u  Prince of Asturias Award (1989)

u  Andrew Gemant Award (1998)

u  Naylor Prize and Lectureship (1999)

u  Lilienfeld Prize (1999)

u  Albert Medal (Royal Society of Arts) (1999)

u  Copley Medal (2006)

u  Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009)

u  Fundamental Physics Prize (2012)

u  FRSA

Science bound with scientist

Both star and end of science depends on Scientist. But the main thing is we lost scientist but don’t lost the science what he invented. That’s why they are honorable to all. Stephen Hawking is one of them.